There are numerous example scenarios in in which the interface of one device does not match the interface of the other device. In this case, converters - often also referred to as transducers - can help. They convert from one interface or fieldbus to another interface or fieldbus.
Such a converter performs three tasks:
1. it converts the plug connection so that the device/bus connections with their plugs and sockets fit from both sides.
2. it provides the specified electrical levels of all cable lines on both interfaces, "left" and "right".
3. it converts the data from one protocol to the other - and vice versa.